Grinding-machine.



w. l. CALLAWAY.

GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 3.19l6.

Patented June 19, 1917.

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W. l. CALLAWAY.

GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-3.1916.

1,230, 1 11. Patented June 19, 1917.

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W.'|. CALLAWAY.

GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED och-3. me.

1,230, 1 1 1 v Patented June 19,1917,

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WILLIAM I. oALLAwAY, or ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

GRINDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 19, 1917.

Application filed October 3, 1916. Serial No. 123,537.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that -I, VVILLIA I. Can nwxiga citizen of the United States, r'es1d1ng at Atlanta, in the county of Fulton and State of Georgia, have inventednew andguseful Improvements in Grinding-Machines, of

which the following is a specification.-

This invention generically relates. to an improved machine for grinding circular saws and cutters of various types, but'it.

more specifically comprehends a machine for grinding milling cutters or tools having cutting surfaces regularly spaced on a circle. 7

Many efforts have been made in the past,

but with varied success, to construct -machines for sharpenlng circular saws, mllllngi cutters and the llke, where it 1s essential that the longitudinal depth in 'alinement with-the axis, and the lateral face of the tooth,-be ground correspondingly, and accurately.

Heretofore, machines designed to accomplish the aforementioned results have comprised such intricate mechanism and .multiplicity of parts as to render their efficiency incommensurate with. the high cost of production,

One object of my invention is to provide amachine for accurately grinding off a predetermined amount from the cuttlng edge or lateral face of the tooth, and from thethroat or longitudinal depthtoward the center, so 1 that all the teeth may be ground uniformly,

and'after successive grindings, if it is de-- sired, be the same length as originally.

To accomplish this, I have provided gag ing means which will permit exactly the same amount to be ground off the lateral face of the tooth and from the throat there:

of, or more or less from either, as the type of cutter to be ground may require. The predetermined amount taken from the'lateral face and from the throat of'th el' able transversely 'of the bed 7 the tool cartooth is effected by a single and continuous act of grinding, and to grind all of the teeth successively, but a single setting or adjust ment of the gaging means is necessary.

A'further object of this invention is'to provide .a machine simple in construction,

other construction, combination and arrangement,

of parts to :be more particularly hereinafter set. forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings in which corresponding parts are indicated by similar reference characters Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved grinding machine.

. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation thereof.

Fig. 31 is a perspective view, with the cutter carrier at an angle, and operatively positioning astraight edge tool.

Fig. i is a central vertical section with parts shown in elevation.

. Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4L.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view, showing the grinding wheel'as completing the grinding of one of the cutter teeth.

Fig. '7 is a similar view with the succeeding tooth operatively positioned for grinding; and

- Fig.8 is a vertical section taken on the line 8.8 of FigQ-l in the direction of the arrows.

- In thelillustrated embodiment characterizin'gthis invention, there is shown a base or supporting frame 1 having a pair of properly spaced vertical standards 1, provided at their upper extremities with bearings 2, journaling an arbor 3 intermediate the length of which is a pulley a, for obvious purposes. On one end of arbor 3 is an emery wheel 5 01' other similar grinding element, dependingupon the character of the tool to be ground. I

Integral with one ofthe vertical standards is a rearwardly extendingarm 6, to the free end of Whichis swivelly affixed a frame or bed plate 7 supporting a compound slide comprising an auxiliary carriage 8 movable longitudinally of bed 7 and tool carrier 9 slidably positioned on carriage 8 and operri'er 9 thusbeingcapable of both transverse 1 and longitudinal adjustment relative to the rotary axis of emery wheel 5.

Depending from the extremities of bed 7 i are the'centrally apertured ears'lO and 12,

respectively. The opening ofthe former alines with an opening in the end of arm 6 screw'il3, retained in position by collar 14: and cap 15,- for a purpose hereinafter to be stated. Projecting through suitably alined openings in cap plate 15 is an L shaped rod 16 for actuation of screw 13, though of course, other means may be employed if more desirable.

The bed 7 has extending substantially throughout its length a longitudinal slot 17 and contiguous its longitudinal edges vertical walls 18, to which are attached guide plates 19, forming channels 20.

Auxiliary carriage 8 is constructed with shoulders 21, slidable over guide plates 19, and a depending inverted T-shaped portion 22, the latter forming longitudinal flanges 22 adapted to project within channels 20. Extending downwardly central of portion 22, is a lug 23, having therethrough an internally threaded opening to receive screw 13, the rotation of which imparts longitudinal movement to said auxiliary carriage, as will be readily understood without further description.

This auxiliary carriage 8 has contiguous its, transversely extending edges, vertical walls 24, and secured to said walls guide plates 25, forming channels 26 into which the longitudinal edges of tool-carrier 9 project, the latter having situated thereon, saw, cir cular cutter, or other tool to be sharpened as will be more fully hereinafter described.

The tool-carrier 9 comprises a rectangular bed or plate, chamfered adjacent its upper longitudinal edges to effect shoulders 9, which abut the edges of guide plates 25 and insure uniform rectilinear movement. of the carriage. Contiguous one end of carrier 9', is a cylindrical standard 2-9, adaptedto function as a mounting for'the circular cutter 27 having the usual opening 28. @n thev upper externally threaded end of standard 29 is positioned nut 30, holding inposition a part of the gaging mechanism-hereinafter to be mentioned, said. nut having: therein diametrically opposed openings to facilitateits. removal.

In order to enable uniform; grinding of the cutter teeth, a gaging mechanism isemployed, by means of which, a step by step circular movement of the cutter is obtained, each step advancing the respective cutterthrough a sector of their circle of? movement, defined by the distance between their-cutting: surfaces. This gaging; mechanism; com-- prises, a cylinder or collar 31,. encircling;

standard 29, and held against verticalmove+ ment thereon bynut 30 previously." mentioned. This collar 31 is reduced: adjacent its lower end, effecting: shoulder'32,,to abut-a the upper surface of'the cutter, the reduced: portion fitting-between standard. 29- and th'ei surroundingwall of opening; 28;. so asttozfunction as a; bushing-1 and; consequently. eliminate any possibility, of; eccentric? collar-f movement. A key; 33, extending: laterally: from collar 311 at a pointthereon i immediater.

ately below shoulder 32, engages a keyway 28, formed in the wall of cutter opening 28.

This arrangement interlocks collar 31 and cutter 28 so that the same may be simultaneously rotated.

Integral with and surrounding collar 31, is a laterally extending flange 34, having therethrough a number of perforations 35, regularly spaced on a plurality of circles concentric with the rotary axis of said cut- To obtain the circumferential advancement of the cutter teeth in the manner hereinbefore described, the openings 35, are situated in alinement with the cutting surfaces of the tool operated on, hence their spacing is directly proportional to the width of the cutter teeth. Although in the illustration the inner circle of openings 35, is shown as applicable to the particular cutter being ground, selection of a suitable circle is determined by the dimension of the cutter.

Constituting a part of the gaging mechanism and coacti-ng with the apertured flange 34, is a vertically movable spring-pressed plunger or dog, whereby the selected cuttertooth may be rigidly maintained relative to the grinding wheel, said plunger being mounted in the following manner: Central of carrier 9-, there is disposed an annular upright 31E, having concentric with its upper end an externally threaded shank 37, upon which is positioned a winged thumb screw 38, to engage the flattened extremity of a substantially S-sh-ap'ed arm 39, .said extremity being slotted as at 4O to= permit passage of shank 37, whereupon to enable longitudinal movement of the arm. The other extremity of arm 39,. is formed with an annular' enlargement 41,.having an opening 42, through which passes the stem of plunger or dog 43. Opening-42 is enlarged to afford a seat for thehelical spring 44, positioned 011-. said stem, with its lower end abutting flange 45,. carried by the latter immediately above thet'aperedf head thereof. That portion? of. theplunger extending through and above:- the top of cylinder 41 is externally threaded to receivethumb screw 46, which not only acts as ameans for retaining said plunger in position, but also for retracting the-same when". necessary. From the above itiise: apparent, after the" desired opening 35; hasxb'eeni brought to 1 proper position, and the plunger. head seated therein the-cutter will be firmly held against rotary movement.

On thee endrof' carrier 9, opposite that upon whichais positioned the circular tool to be sharpened, is means for holding straight-edge tools at any: required angle; consistingof' a. rectangular plate 47, with beveledi longitudinal edges 48, and forr'n'ed" with a centrally arranged" opening 49, for the passage of bolts15'0, which cooperate with: the? blades'stoi be ground; and. hold the same;v in: position. upon: said plate: 7 end piece 52, integral with the aforementioned extremity of carrier 9, is formed with an opening through which extends an externally threaded lug 52, carried by plate 47, said lug being secured by a nut of usual construction. To enable auxiliary carriage 8, or carrier 9, to be fixedly secured at any desired point in the path of their travel, set screws 53 and 54 are provided in connection with bed 7 and auxiliary carriage 8 respectively, as clearly shown in Figs. 1, l, and 5.

As the gaging mechanism above referred to is directed entirely to lateral grinding,

that is to say, from front to rear of the cutter tooth, in order to secure indentity in treatment of the successive cutter teeth, it is necessary to predetermine the extent of grinding in the direction of the vertical axis of the cutter, hence a stop 55 is in position upon carrier 9, with its side extensions 56, engaging the longitudinal edges of said carrier. A set screw extending through one of the side extensions 56, permits adjustment of said stop depending on the exigency of the situation.

From the foregoing structural outline, it will be apparent, the operation of this machine is as follows: Assuming the parts assembled as in Fig. 1, the cutter carrier however being sufliciently retracted to permit rotation of the cutter, and. further supposing the tooth therein shown in contact with the working face of the grinding wheel, to be the initial or starting tooth, then to effect suitablegrinding thereof, auxiliary carriage 8, and its incidental structure is actuated through the instrumentality of the mechanism hereinbefore described, causing the circular cutter to travel in a plane parallel to the horizontal axis of the grinder, until the cutting surface of the initial tooth is situated in a plane spaced from that of the working face of said grinding wheel, a distance equal to the cut or grind to be removed, usually one or two-thousandths of an inch, in which position it is fixed by set screws 53. Auxiliary carriage 8, being'thus positioned, as carrier 9 is slowly advanced, in a plane at right angles to the horizontal axis of the grinding wheel, the required material from the front to the rear of the tooth, as well as lengthwise thereof will be removed. When the maximum cutting lengthwise of the tooth has been effected, stop 55 is adjusted to abutting relation with respect to carriage 8, (see Fig. 5,) so that each tooth may be ground lengthwise to the same extent. After the initial or starting tooth has been sufliciently ground, dog 43, of the gaging mechanism, is withdrawn and placed in thenext opening 35, of flange 34, whereupon the succeeding cutter tooth, is disposed with its cutting surface in a plane spaced from the working face of the grinding wheel, such spacing corresponding to the width of the material removed from the preceding tooth. The operation of advancing the carrier, as before described, being repeated, a cut or grind is accomplished identical to that of the first mentioned tooth. This treatment being accorded successively to all of the cutter teeth, they will be ground with absolute uniformity and accuracy in both directions, that is, from front to rear or laterally, and lengthwise or in the direction of their axis. In this connection, should it be deemed expedient in determining the amount of material to be removed from the starting tooth, one of the guide rails 19, may be graduated in inches (not shown) and fractions thereof as will be readily understood without further discussion. In the event a straight edge tool is to be sharpened, the relative positions of the circular cutter and the plate adapted to hold the straight edge tool are reversed, said tool being held at a suitable angle to the grinding wheel so that it may be ground in the usual manner.

In conclusion, it may be said, this device not only simplifies the machines heretofore designed for sharpening tools of the character specified, but also reduces the cost of such operation, by eliminating the skilled labor ordinarily essential to the proper treatment of a milling tool.

- I claim 1. In'a grinding machine, the combination with a rotary grinder, a cutter carrier relatively movable with respect to the grinder, and capable of rotatably supporting a circular cutter; of a gaging mechanism co6perating with said cutter and governing its rotary movement, embodying an annular member concomitantly revoluble and concentrically situated in a plane coincident with that of said cutter, said member having a circular series of regularly spaced openings, said spacing being proportional to that of the cutter teeth, and a reciprocatory plunger adapted to enter said openings, whereby to properly position the cutter teeth relative to the grinder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a grinding machine, the combination with a rotary grinder, a cutter carrier relatively movable with respect to the grinder, and capable of rota'tably supporting a circular cutter; of a gaging mechanism coiiperating with said cutter and governing its rotary movement, embodying an annular member concomitantly revoluble and concentrically situated in a plane coincident with that of said cutter, said member having a circular series of regularly spaced openings, said spacing being proportional to that of the cutter teeth, and a spring pressed reciprocatory plunger adapted to enter said opening, whereby to operatively position the cutter teeth relative to the grinder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3; In a grinding machine, the combination with a rotary grinder, a cutter carrier movable transversely and longitudinal of the rotary axis of said grinder, and means in connection with said carrier to horizontally and rotatably support a circular cutter; of a gaging mechanism cooperating with the cutter and governing its rotary movement, embodying an annular member concomitantly revoluble and concentrically situated in a plane coincident with that of said vcutter, said member having a circular series of regularly spaced openings, said spacing being proportional to that ,of the cutter teeth, and a vertically movable spring pressed plunger adapted to enter said openings to properly position the cutter teeth relative to vthe grinder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4:. Ina grinding machine, the combination with a rotary grinder, a cutter carrier movable transversely and longitudinally with respect to the rotary axis of said grinder, and means in connection with said carrier to rotatably and horizontally support a circular cutter; of a gaging .mechanism cooperating with the cutter to enable a step by step rotary movement thereof, em bodying a sleeve keyed to and concentrically mounted upon the cutter, an annular flange surrounding the upper end of said sleeve, and having therein a circular series of regularly spaced openings, the spacing of said openings being proportional to that of the cutter teeth, and a vertically movable spring pressed plunger adapted to enter said openings, whereby to properly position the cutter teeth relative to "the grinder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a grinding machine, the combination with a rotary grinder, a cutter carrier movable transversely and longitudinally with respect to the rotary axis of said grinder, and a cutter carrying shaft situated upon said carrier in a plane at right angles thereto, and capable of rotatably supporting a circular cutter; of a gaging mechanism to enable a step by step rotationyof the cutter, embodying a sleeve, circumscribing said shaft and having its lower end keyed to the cutter, an annular flange surrounding the upper end of said sleeve, and provided with a circular series of regular spaced openings, the spacing of said openingsbeing proportional to that 'ofithe cutter teeth, and a vertically movable spring pressed plunger adapted to enter said openings, whereby to properly position the cutter teeth relative to the grinder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a grinding machine, thecombination with a rotary grinder, a cutter carrier movable transversely and longitudinally of the rotary axis-of said grinder, means'to predetermine the extent of either carrier movement, when the latter is operable toward the grinder, and a cutter carrying shaft situated upon said carrier in a plane atright angles thereto, and capable of rotatably supporting a circular cutter; of a gaging mechanism to enablea step by step rotation of the cutter, and embodying a sleeve circumscribing said shaft andhavin-gone end keyed tojthe inner periphery of the cutter, an ,annular flange surrounding the upper end of said sleeve and provided with a circular series of regularly spaced openings, the spacing of the openings being proportional to that of the cutter-teeth, and a; vertically movable spring pressed plunger adapted-to enter said openings, ,wherebyto properlylposition the cutterteeth relative to the grinder, substantially as and for thelpurpose setforth.

' I. CALLAW-AY.

Witnesses: V

' Roma LEE AVARY,

JAMES L. MOORE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained vforfive cents each, by addressing the fflomrnissioner of Patents,

washington nfl. 

